Latest Articles
HEMODINAMIC INSTABILITY-How does hemodynamic instability differ between adults and pediatric patients?
Hemodynamic instability differs between adults and pediatric patients primarily in the criteria used for diagnosis and the physiological responses to shock. In adults, hemodynamic instability is typically defined by a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of less than 90...
HEMODINAMIC INSTABILITY-What are “transient responders,” and why are they clinically significant?
Transient responders are patients who initially show a positive response to a treatment but fail to maintain this response over time. In the context of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) for heart failure, transient responders are defined as patients who...
HEMODYNAMIC INSTABILITY-Why is clinical judgment emphasized for pediatric patients?
Clinical judgment is emphasized for pediatric patients due to several key factors that influence the complexity and variability of pediatric care. Firstly, children, especially those under five years old, often present with non-specific symptoms that can rapidly...
HEMODINAMIC INSTABILITY-What role does the base excess (BE) value play in assessing hemodynamic instability in adults?
Base excess (BE) is a valuable parameter in assessing hemodynamic instability in adults, particularly in trauma and critical care settings. BE reflects the metabolic component of acid-base balance and can indicate the presence and severity of metabolic acidosis,...
HEMODINAMIC INSTABILITY-What are the main indicators in adult patients?
The main indicators of hemodynamic instability in adult patients include: 1. Hypotension: Systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 90 mm Hg or a mean arterial pressure (MAP) < 65 mm Hg.[1-3] 2. Tachycardia: An increased heart rate, often the first...
ANORECTAL ABSCESS-what are the indications for fistula treatment in the acute setting?
In patients with an anorectal abscess with a concomitant fistula, the indications for fistula treatment in the acute setting are primarily based on the presence of an obvious fistula tract at the time of abscess drainage. According to the World Society of...
ANAL FISSURE-which are the appropriate imaging investigations?
In patients with suspected acute anal fissure, the appropriate imaging investigations depend on the clinical presentation. According to the World Society of Emergency Surgery and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma guidelines, no imaging...
ANAL FISSURE-what is the appropriate approach for pain control?
In patients with an acute anal fissure, the appropriate approach for pain control involves a combination of topical anesthetics and oral analgesics. The World Society of Emergency Surgery and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma recommend the use of...
ANAL FISSURE-what is the role of clinical examination and biochemical investigations?
In patients with suspected acute anal fissure, the role of clinical examination is paramount. The diagnosis is typically confirmed through a physical examination, where a fissure is identified as a split in the squamous epithelium at or just inside the anal...
ANAL FISSURE-is there a role for antibiotic therapy?
In patients with an acute anal fissure, the role of antibiotic therapy is generally limited. The World Society of Emergency Surgery and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (WSES-AAST) guidelines suggest that antibiotics should be reserved for cases...
