Polyuria is defined as producing more than 2.5-3 liters of urine per day in adults.
Can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions. Here are some causes of polyuria:
| Diabetes insipidus | Central diabetes insipidus Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus |
| Renal disease | Chronic renal insufficiency (especially tubulointerstitial disease) Diuretic phase of acute renal failure Diuresis after obstetric surgery Postobstructive diuresis, partial or intermittent obstruction Hypercalcemic nephropathy Hypokalaemic nephropathy Sickle cell trait or disease Reduced protein intake Multiple myeloma Amyloidosis Sarcoidosis Sjogren syndrome |
| Excessive fluid intake | Psychogenic polydipsia Iatrogenic (intravenous fluids) Consumo deliberato di acqua (ad esempio, preparazione alla maratona) |
| Osmotic diuresis | Mannitol or urea administration Iodinated contrast dye Diabetes mellitus, poorly controlled Hyperalimentation Tube feedings |
| Endocrinopathies | VIPoma Insulinoma Zollinger-Ellison syndrome |
| Drugs | Alcohol Clonidine Diuretics Demeclocycline Methicillin Gentamicin Amphotericin B Phenothiazines Radiological contrast agent Sulfonylureas Phenytoin Propoxyphene Methoxyflurane Colchicine Vinblastine Foscarnet Clonidine Norepinephrine Narcotic antagonists |
| Old age |